To resurface your pool correctly, you'll need to follow several critical steps in sequence. Start with a thorough inspection to identify structural issues and document problem areas. Next, drain the pool completely while monitoring hydrostatic pressure, then prepare the surface through pressure washing, acid washing, and removing loose materials. Apply a bond coat for proper adhesion before installing your chosen finish material (plaster, pebble, or quartz), working systematically from the deep end. The curing process requires precise chemistry management and daily brushing for at least seven days. Each phase demands specific expertise and attention to detail, as proper execution determines your pool's longevity and appearance.
Pool Inspection and Assessment

Before beginning any pool resurfacing project, a thorough inspection and assessment of the existing pool surface is essential to identify specific problem areas and determine the scope of work required.
You'll need a detailed inspection checklist to evaluate the overall pool condition, focusing on key structural elements.
Check for hollow spots by tapping the surface with a rubber mallet, listening for hollow sounds that indicate delamination.
Examine the surface for cracks, chips, stains, and rough patches. Document any rust spots, particularly around metal fittings and joints.
Test the pH levels of the water and inspect the waterline tiles for calcium buildup or deterioration.
Pay special attention to steps, corners, and depth changes where stress points commonly occur.
You'll also want to assess the condition of the pool's drainage and plumbing systems.
Draining the Water
The first critical step of pool resurfacing involves safely draining all water from the pool.
You'll need to use proper water removal techniques to avoid structural damage and guarantee complete drainage. Start by connecting a submersible pump to your pool's main drain, positioning the discharge hose according to local regulations for water disposal.
Monitor the draining process carefully to prevent hydrostatic pressure buildup, which can damage your pool's shell. If you detect groundwater accumulation beneath the pool, you'll need to install hydrostatic relief valves.
Use multiple drainage techniques simultaneously, including the pool's built-in drainage system and portable pumps, to speed up the process.
Once the water level drops below the skimmer, you'll need to relocate your submersible pump to the pool's deep end to remove remaining water.
Surface Preparation and Removal

Preparing and removing the existing pool surface involves three essential phases to guarantee proper adhesion of the new finish.
First, you'll need to identify your existing surface type – whether it's plaster, aggregate, or fiberglass – as this determines your preparation techniques. You'll then use a combination of chipping, grinding, and sandblasting to remove loose or deteriorated material.
In the second phase, you'll need to inspect and repair any cracks, hollow spots, or structural issues in the exposed shell. Use hydraulic cement for deep cracks and epoxy fillers for smaller imperfections.
Finally, you'll acid wash the entire surface to remove any remaining debris and etch the substrate, creating a proper bonding surface for the new finish. This step requires careful attention to acid concentration and proper neutralization afterward.
Cleaning and Repairs
You'll need to thoroughly clean the exposed pool shell by pressure washing and acid washing to remove all debris, mineral deposits, and calcium scale buildup.
Before applying any new surface material, repair cracks, hollow spots, and spalled areas using hydraulic cement or specialized patching compounds.
Your repairs must fully cure according to manufacturer specifications before proceeding with the resurfacing process.
Remove Debris and Scale
Before applying new plaster, removing all debris and existing scale from the pool's surface is essential for proper adhesion.
You'll need to utilize specialized scale treatment solutions and mechanical tools to effectively eliminate calcium deposits and mineral buildup. Start by applying a professional-grade descaling agent to break down stubborn mineral deposits.
For thorough debris removal, use a pressure washer set between 2500-3500 PSI to blast away loosened scale, algae, and other accumulated materials.
Pay special attention to corners, steps, and areas around fittings where buildup tends to be heaviest. You'll want to work systematically from the pool's deep end in the direction of the shallow end, ensuring complete coverage.
After pressure washing, use a wire brush to address any remaining stubborn spots, then vacuum all dislodged material from the pool floor.
Fix Surface Damage First
With the surface thoroughly cleaned, a detailed inspection will reveal any structural damage requiring repair.
You'll need to conduct a thorough damage assessment, examining every square inch of the pool's surface for cracks, chips, or hollow spots. Surface restoration can't begin until these structural issues are properly managed.
Key repairs must be completed in this order:
- Fill all cracks wider than 1/8 inch with hydraulic cement to prevent water infiltration that could compromise the new finish.
- Chip out and patch any hollow spots or delaminated areas to guarantee proper bonding of the new surface.
- Repair any exposed rebar or structural steel to maintain the pool's structural integrity.
Once repairs cure completely, you can proceed with acid washing to prepare for the resurfacing phase.
Tiling and Coping Installation

You'll need to thoroughly clean and roughen the pool's surface before beginning the tile installation, making certain all debris and loose material are removed using a pressure washer and acid wash.
For proper adhesion, apply modified thinset mortar using a notched trowel at a 45-degree angle, working in small sections to prevent premature drying.
When installing waterline tiles, you'll want to use spacers and level lines to maintain consistent 1/8-inch gaps and make certain the tile band remains perfectly horizontal around the pool's perimeter.
Surface Preparation and Cleaning
Proper surface preparation and cleaning serve as the foundation for successful pool tiling and coping installation.
You'll need to evaluate different surface types and apply appropriate cleaning techniques to guarantee ideal adhesion. Start by draining the pool completely and allowing the surface to dry thoroughly.
Three critical steps you won't want to skip:
- Remove all loose material, old plaster, and deteriorated concrete using a high-pressure washer and wire brush.
- Acid wash the surface to eliminate mineral deposits and create a proper bonding profile.
- Neutralize any remaining acid with a pH-balanced solution and rinse thoroughly.
Once you've completed these steps, use a vacuum to remove any remaining debris and guarantee the surface is completely clean and ready for the new installation.
Test the surface's pH levels before proceeding with any additional work.
Setting Tile With Mortar
The successful installation of pool tiles begins with selecting the right mortar and applying it with precision. You'll need to use a polymer-modified tile adhesive specifically designed for underwater applications. Mix the mortar according to manufacturer specifications to achieve the proper consistency.
Apply the mortar using a notched trowel, creating uniform ridges at a 45-degree angle. Your installation techniques should include back-buttering each tile to guarantee complete coverage and eliminate air pockets.
Press tiles firmly into place, maintaining consistent spacing with tile spacers. Work in small sections to prevent the mortar from skinning over before tile placement.
Remove excess mortar from joints immediately and check for proper adhesion by lifting occasional tiles to verify full coverage. Allow the mortar to cure for the manufacturer-recommended time before grouting begins.
Waterline Installation Guidelines
Installing the waterline tile and coping represents a critical phase in pool resurfacing that demands precise measurement and alignment.
You'll need to carefully select waterline materials that complement your pool's design while ensuring durability against chemical exposure and temperature fluctuations.
When planning waterline patterns, maintain consistent spacing and verify level placement using laser measurements.
- Establish your reference points by marking the desired waterline height at 6-inch intervals around the pool's perimeter.
- Create a visible chalk line to guide your installation, ensuring it's perfectly level to prevent unsightly water marks.
- Apply waterproof membrane beneath tiles to protect against moisture penetration and prevent future delamination.
Don't rush this process – proper waterline installation will impact both your pool's aesthetics and structural integrity for years to come.
Applying the Bond Coat
Applying bond coat marks a vital shift in the pool resurfacing process. You'll need to guarantee proper adhesion between the existing surface and new plaster by applying this essential layer uniformly. The bond coat application requires careful attention to technique and timing to achieve ideal results.
Step | Action | Key Points |
---|---|---|
1 | Mix Bond Coat | Combine with water per manufacturer specs |
2 | Apply First Layer | Use firm pressure with nylon brush |
3 | Check Coverage | Confirm no spots are missed |
4 | Allow Setting | Wait 4-6 hours before next step |
Before applying, you'll need to dampen the surface slightly, but avoid standing water. Roll or brush the bond coat in a consistent pattern, maintaining wet edges throughout the process. The adhesion importance can't be overstated – a properly applied bond coat prevents future delamination and extends your pool's service life.
New Surface Application

You'll need to thoroughly clean and prepare the newly bonded surface by removing any dust or debris before applying the new finish material.
Using specialized pool plastering tools, apply your chosen surface material (such as plaster, pebble, or quartz) with steady, even strokes to achieve consistent thickness and texture.
Once application is complete, you must allow the new surface to cure according to manufacturer specifications, typically 24-48 hours before filling the pool.
Clean and Prep Surface
Before beginning the resurfacing process, thorough cleaning and preparation of the existing pool surface is critical for proper adhesion. You'll need to select appropriate cleaning products based on your specific surface types, whether concrete, plaster, or fiberglass. Remove all debris, algae, and loose material using pressure washing and acid washing techniques.
To guarantee the best surface preparation:
- Apply a high-pressure wash (3000+ PSI) to remove embedded contaminants and expose the stable substrate – this creates the foundation for your new surface.
- Acid wash the surface to eliminate mineral deposits and microscopic debris that could compromise adhesion.
- Neutralize any remaining acid with sodium bicarbonate solution, then perform a final rinse to achieve a pH-balanced surface.
Check for remaining rough spots or hollow areas, addressing these before moving forward with the resurfacing application.
Apply New Finish Material
The proper application of new finish material requires three critical elements: ideal weather conditions, precise mixing ratios, and systematic coverage techniques.
You'll need to apply your chosen finish materials when temperatures range between 65-85°F, with minimal wind and cloud cover.
Mix your finish materials according to manufacturer specifications, guaranteeing proper water-to-material ratios for best consistency.
Start application at the pool's deep end, working systematically in the direction of the shallow end using even, overlapping strokes. You'll want to maintain uniform thickness throughout the application process.
Apply the material using appropriate application techniques for your chosen finish – troweling for plaster, spraying for quartz-based finishes, or rolling for epoxy coatings.
Keep the material wet during application to prevent cold joints and guarantee proper curing.
Complete each section without interruption to maintain consistency.
Let Surface Fully Cure
Following proper application of the finish material, curing becomes a time-sensitive and precise process that requires careful attention to detail.
You'll need to maintain specific conditions throughout the cure duration to guarantee ideal surface integrity. Monitor water chemistry levels and follow your manufacturer's guidelines precisely during this critical phase.
During the curing process, you must:
- Fill your pool continuously with clean water at a consistent rate to prevent water lines or marks from forming.
- Monitor pH levels every 4-6 hours during the first 24 hours to maintain proper chemical balance.
- Brush the entire surface three times daily for the first three days to prevent settling and guarantee even curing.
Don't rush this final stage – proper curing typically takes 7-10 days and directly impacts your pool's longevity and appearance.
Curing and Drying Period
Once you've completed the resurfacing application, proper curing of your pool's new surface becomes critical for long-term durability. You'll need to implement specific curing techniques to guarantee ideal results during the drying timeframe. Start the water fill process immediately and maintain continuous filling without interruption.
Day | Action Required | Impact |
---|---|---|
1-2 | Keep water running | Prevents surface cracking |
3-5 | Brush surface 2x daily | Removes plaster dust |
6-7 | Test pH levels | Maintains chemistry |
8-14 | Adjust alkalinity | Stabilizes finish |
15-28 | Monitor chlorine | Prevents staining |
You'll need to test water chemistry daily and maintain proper balance throughout the curing period. Don't allow swimmers in the pool for at least 7 days, and continue monitoring conditions for a full 28-day cure cycle.
Quality Control Checks

Throughout the curing period, you'll need to perform systematic quality control checks to verify proper surface development. Implementing proper quality assurance measures helps guarantee your pool's new surface cures correctly and maintains its integrity.
Your inspection protocols should focus on identifying potential issues before they become major problems.
- Monitor the surface twice daily for signs of delamination, checking for hollow spots by gently tapping the surface with a rubber mallet.
- Test pH and alkalinity levels every 24 hours to maintain ideal chemical balance during curing.
- Inspect for hairline cracks, scaling, or discoloration that could indicate improper curing conditions.
Document all findings in a detailed log, noting any anomalies that require immediate attention.
If you discover issues during your quality control checks, consult your contractor promptly for remediation steps.
Pool Refilling and Chemistry
When the surface has properly cured, you'll need to begin the critical process of refilling your pool while maintaining precise chemical balance.
Start by adding water continuously until it reaches the middle of the skimmer opening. During the fill, test and adjust your pool chemistry every 4-6 hours to prevent surface staining or scaling.
Monitor these key parameters: pH (7.2-7.6), alkalinity (80-120 ppm), and calcium hardness (200-400 ppm).
You'll need to maintain proper water balance for the first 28 days as the new surface continues to cure. Add chemicals gradually, allowing each adjustment to circulate fully before making additional changes.
If you notice any unusual coloring or surface texture during this period, test your chemistry levels immediately and make necessary corrections to protect your new finish.
Frequently Asked Questions
How Long Can a Resurfaced Pool Last Before Needing Another Renovation?
Did you know that 95% of pool resurfacing projects can achieve their full lifespan when properly maintained?
Your pool's resurfacing can last between 7-20 years, depending on the material you've chosen. Plaster typically lasts 7-10 years, while quartz and pebble finishes can extend to 15-20 years.
You'll need to follow a strict maintenance schedule, including chemical balance checks and prompt repairs, to maximize your resurfacing lifespan and prevent premature deterioration.
Can I Resurface My Pool During Winter Months?
While you can technically resurface your pool during winter, it's not recommended due to the temperature-sensitive nature of pool plastering materials.
Ideal conditions require consistent temperatures above 50°F (10°C) for proper curing. If you're planning winter pool maintenance, consider postponing resurfacing until spring.
Cold weather can affect material adhesion and curing time, potentially compromising the finish quality.
Instead, focus on winter preparation tasks like winterizing and protecting your pool's current surface.
What Are Signs That Indicate My Pool Needs Resurfacing?
You'll notice several clear repair signs when your pool surface needs attention.
Watch for rough, pitted areas that can snag swimsuits or cause scrapes. Check for visible cracks, especially ones that are spreading or deepening.
If you're losing water faster than normal, or notice dark spots and stains that won't clean off, these are red flags.
Flaking, peeling, or exposed plaster that appears chalky white also indicates it's time for resurfacing.
How Much Does Professional Pool Resurfacing Typically Cost?
Did you know that 95% of pool resurfacing costs are influenced by your pool's size and current condition?
For professional services, you'll typically spend between $5,000 to $12,000 for a standard-sized pool (400-600 square feet).
Your final cost depends on the material choice: plaster ($4-6/sq ft), quartz ($7-9/sq ft), or pebble ($9-13/sq ft).
You'll also need to factor in additional expenses for repairs, tile replacement, and chemical startup balancing.
Can I Swim Immediately After the Pool Has Been Refilled?
No, you shouldn't swim immediately after a pool refill following resurfacing.
For ideal swimming safety, you'll need to wait 7-10 days while properly balancing the water chemistry. During this period, you'll need to brush the pool surface several times daily and maintain the pump's continuous operation.
The new surface requires time to fully cure underwater, and premature swimming can damage the finish and potentially expose you to harsh chemicals.